e4rat reduces disk access times through physical file reallocation. It is based
on the online defragmentation ioctl EXT4_IOC_MOVE_EXT from the ext4 filesystem,
which was introduced in Linux Kernel 2.6.31. Therefore, other filesystem types
or earlier versions of extended filesystems are not supported.

e4rat consists of three binaries. The first is e4rat-collect. Its purpose is to
gather relevant files by monitoring file accesses during an application startup.
The generated file list is the fundament of the second step. With the second
step, e4rat-realloc, files are placed physically in a row on disk.
The reallocation of the files' content yields a higher disk transfer rate which
accelerates program start processes.

Third, you can also read-ahead files to gain a higher cache hit rate.
e4rat-preload transfers files into memory in parallel to program startup.

Because a file consists of file content and its I-Node information the
preloading process is divided into two steps. First, it reads the I-Nodes'
information which are still spread over the entire filesystem. In the second
step, the files' content is read without causing any disk seeks.

For more information see: e4rat-collect(8), e4rat-realloc(8), e4rat-preload(8)
                          and e4rat.conf(5).


SAMPLE USAGE: Accelerate the boot process
-------------

Run e4rat-collect as init process through adding following line to Kernel
parameters:

    init=/sbin/e4rat-collect

After e4rat-collect has terminated the generated file list is stored at:

    /var/lib/e4rat/startup.log

Before reallocating boot files it is recommaned to switch to runlevel 1 to stop
most of all running proceses to gain write access to the process binary file:

    init 1

Reallocating boot files:

    e4rat-realloc  /var/lib/e4rat/startup.log

To start e4rat-preload as initial process append following to kernel your
parameters:

    init=/sbin/e4rat-preload